Stardom, slogans & surveillance: an international update by Susan Nash
The applicant in Cox v Turkey (App No 2933/03) had been employed as a university lecturer in Turkey during the 1980s. She was expelled and banned from re-entering the country on account of statements made to staff and students about Kurdish and Armenian issues. Relying on Art 9 (freedom of religion), the applicant complained that she was subjected to unjustified treatment on account of her religion, and that expressing opinions at a university, where freedom of expression should be unlimited, could not be used as a justification for these sanctions. Having regard to the applicant’s failure to submit any material documenting her claim that reports had been compiled about her on account of her religious activities, and having regard to the reasons for the re-entry ban provided by the national authorities, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) considered it appropriate to examine the complaints under Art 10 (freedom of expression).
Convention obligations
Although the right of a non-national to enter or remain in a country was not explicitly guaranteed by
